Having Fun Getting to Know the Minerals

MINERAL PROPERTIES


       Mineral properties are its luster, cleavage, color, and hardness. Luster tells us if whether the mineral is metallic or non-metallic. Cleavage tells us the shape of the mineral. If the mineral breaks evenly then it has cleavage. If the mineral breaks unevenly, then it has fracture. Color of the mineral tells what color it has, but sometimes its color is different than its streak. Hardness of the mineral tells us how hard the mineral is. To find the hardness we use Moh’s Scale. 




REFLECTION


1. What did you enjoy most about this project and why? 
   I enjoyed getting to know the minerals, because this is the first time I am actually learning about minerals.
2. What was most challenging for you during this project and why?
   The most challenging thing for me during this project was working with Lili.  Of course I would get my grade for my part, but still she did not seem to care about the lab, when I was almost done with my part.
3. What new skills did you learn from this project?
   I learned how to use the "Properties of Common Minerals" chartand also how to be patient.
4. Is there anything that you could have done to improve any of your work? Explain.  
   I would take the all the pictures first before starting the written or the video lab.

Our Shaking World

LITHOSPHERE

MUSIC VIDEOS
Plate Boundaries - There are three types of plate boundaries. They are divergent, convergent and transform boundaries. Alfred Wegener was the person who discovered the boundaries. During divergent boundary plates move apart from each other and they form mid-ocean ridges, sea-floor spreading or rift valleys. Convergent boundaries collide and they form mountains, trenches or volcanoes. During transform boundaries plates slide pass each other and they create earthquakes.
Seismic Waves - There are three types of seismic waves. They are P, S and L waves. P waves, also known as primary waves, are the fastest waves of an earthquake. They move back and forth. S waves, also known as secondary waves, are slowest waves of an earthquake. They move up and down. L waves, also known as surface waves, are the most dangerous and destructive waves of an earthquake. They move both back&forth and up&down.



BRAINPOP VIDEOS
Plate Tectonics - Theory of plate tectonics is a theory that Earth's crust is broken up into section called plates. Crust is outer layer of Earth. Mantle is a layer of Earth under the crust. Pangaea was a one single continent. Continental drift is when plates move continents move along with them. Evidence of continental drift is fossils, rocks, mountains, and puzzle. Results of plate boundaries are trenches, volcanoes, mountains, and earthquake.

Volcanoes - A volcano is an opening in the Earth that erupt lava, ash or gases. There are three types of volcanoes. They are cinder cone which is a volcanic cone that is made up of rock particles and dust; composite which is a volcanic cone that is most dangerous and made up of alternating layers of lava and rock particles; and shield which is a volcanic cone that is made up of layers of hardened lava. Lava is a melted rock above the crust. Magma is also a melted rock, but it's under the crust. Giant chain of composite volcanoes circling the pacific ocean called Ring of Fire. Basalt is a runny lava that comes from a shield volcano.

MODEL
Faults - There are three types of faults. They are normal, reverse and strike-slip faults. Normal fault is when a rock moves down. Reverse, also known as thrust, faults are when a rock moves upward. Strike-slip fault is when rocks slide pass each other. Faults create an earthquake.

ASTHENOSPHERE

PREDICTION MAP

Plate Tectonics - Divergent boundaries form ridges and rift valleys. Convergent boundaries form trenches and mountains. Transform boundaries cause an earthquake. Hot spot is an area of volcanic activity. It causes volcanoes.

DEMONSTRATION LAB

Convection Currents - When the plate moves above the mantle. Heat makes it move up and cool makes it move down.
Experiment: In this experiment we saw the food coloring going either up or down depending on the temperature of the water. The hot water held the food coloring on top of water. The hot water represented the heat in the mantle, which comes from the outer core. The cold water made the food coloring sank to the bottom of the tub. The cold water represents the lithosphere. This experiment explain how the plates move on top of the mantle, because when the crust is above the mantle it goes up, and when it comes to lithosphere, it sinks again.
Conclusion: The temperature plays a big role in this experiment. When the water is hot the food coloring goes up, and when the water is cold the food coloring sinks. Convection currents move the plates because they are under the crust. When the heat from the outer core comes to mantle, it goes up. And when the heat comes to lithosphere, it sinks. The process will be repeated, which causes plates to move.

 MANTLE

NARRATIVE VIDEO - POWERPOINT

Earth's Interior - Earth has four spheres: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. Lithosphere is solid part of the Earth, where we live. Hydrosphere is liquid part of the Earth. Atmosphere is gas part of the Earth and biosphere is life part of the Earth. Earth also has 4 layers: crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. Crust is outer layer of Earth and there are two types of crust - continental and oceanic crusts. Continental crust is a crust that is made of land and oceanic crust is a crust below the ocean. Mantle is a layer of Earth that is made of magma. Asthenosphere is a layer of Earth that is part of mantle, and that's where the convection currents happens. Outer core is a layer that is made of iron and nickel. Inner core is the hottest layer of Earth that is also made of iron and nickel.

Earth's Interior

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CRITICAL THINKING QUESTION

Do you agree with the theory of plate tectonics? Why or why not?

I agree with the theory of plate tectonics, which says that Earth's crust is broken up into pieces. Some evidences of this theory are earthquakes and volcanoes. As the plates move, they create earthquakes. Plates move on top of mantle and that forms volcanoes.

REFLECTION

1. What did you enjoy most about this project and why?

I like that we had choices to choose from and that we could do anything, as long as it was creative, because in some other classes we don't have any choice and we have to do that assignment whether we want or not.

2. What was most challenging for you during this project and why?

 One challenge that I had to overcome was which activity to choose. I had a choice between Photographic Evidence and Narrative Video, which I didn't really want to do. So I decided to do powerpoint instead of Narrative Video. I was so glad that Ms. Kara said it was totally fine with her.

3. What new skills did you learn from doing this project?

Once more, I learned how to manage my time, that's why I got this project done on time.

4. Is there anything that you could have done to improve any of your work? Explain.

If I could, I would probably be more creative with my model.

Glog

http://shahodatsharopova.edu.glogster.com/our-shaking-world/

Earth's Interior

 

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Phases of the Moon

Vocabulary

Word	Native Language	Definition	Picture
Lunar Phases	Oy fazalari	The changing shape of the bright part of the Moon that we see.
Lunar Revolution	Oyning yer atrofida aylanishi	Time that takes Moon to revolve around the Earth.
Waxing	Kattalashish	When the bright part is getting bigger.
Waning	Kichrayish	When the bright part is shrinking.
New Moon	Yangi oy	When the Moon is not visible.
Crescent Moon	Yarimdan kichik oy	When less than half of the Moon is visible.
Quarter Moon	Yarim oy	When the half of the Moon is visible.
Gibbous Moon	Yarimdan katta oy	When the more than half of the Moon is visible.
Full Moon	To'lin oy	When the entire Moon is visible.

Summary

There are 8 phases of the moon. They are New Moon - not visible, Waxing Crescent - less than half of the Moon is visible, First Quarter - half of the Moon is visible, Waxing Gibbous - more than half of the Moon is visible, Full Moon - the entire Moon is visible, Waning Gibbous - more than half of the Moon is visible, Last Quarter - half of the Moon is visible, and Waning Crescent - less than half of the Moon is visible. Our Moon takes 29.5 days to revolve around the Earth. The Moon gets its light from the Sun. When the bright part is getting bigger, the Moon is waxing. When it is getting smaller, the Moon is waning.

 Video





How is earth affected by movement (revolution)?

As Earth revolves around the Sun, it causes seasons and tides. When the Earth revolves, its axis points to (direct sunlight - Summer) and away (indirect sunlight - Winter) from the Sun. When sunlight hits the equator, we have Spring and Autumn. Earth's revolution also causes tides. When Sun ,Earth, and Moon are at the right angle, it causes Neap Tide, and when they are at the straight line, it causes Spring Tide.

Reflection

1. What did you enjoy most about this project and why?
I most enjoyed working with my group members and learning many things together.

2. What was most challenging for you during this project and why?
The most challenging things during this project were helping my group member how to pronounce the word "waxing" and filming the video.

3. What new skills did you learn from doing this project?
Some new skills that I learned from this project are "be patience, no matter what!" and use your time wisely.

4. Is there anything that you could have done to improve any of your work? Explain.

The thing I could have done better are use my time wisely, because all of the groups were finished with there video, while we weren't ready.

Geologic Time - Devonian Period

Devonian Period

Devonian Period started 417 million years ago and ended 354 million years ago. This period was the age of fish. During this period there was a sharks, rays, lobe finned fish. Ammonities increased in population. First forests formed in this period. Some trees developed up to 38m high. Some rock types were Hunsruck Shale, Rhynie Chert, and the gilboa forest. 

Project Reflection

     1. What did you enjoy most about this project?
One thing I enjoyed about this project is working in partners. So we could divide the work. 

     2. What was most challenging about this project? Why?

One challenging thing about this project was writing reference, because we had to copy every single link and paste it to our reference page. Finding information was also challenging, because you don't know which information is true and which is wrong. 

     3. What would you change about this project and why?

One thing I would change about this project is I would choose a different geologic time period.   

     4. What are the three things that you learned from this project? 

Three things I learned from this project are Earth has a huge history, and it includes eons, eras, periods, and epochs. Devonian period is one of those periods, and it is the age of fish. Supercontinent Pangea formed during this period. 

The Stars - Blog Entry

  

     What is a star?
     
    A star is a ball of hot gas. Stars are born in giant clouds. Stars look small because they are light years away from us. In fact, some of them are even bigger and hotter than our Sun. The stars can be cool and dim, cool and bright, hot and dim, and hot and bright. They can be blue, red, yellow, white, and orange.

   Types of Stars

   Stars has a size - tells how big or small a star is, luminosity - tells how bright or dim a star is, temperature - tells how hot or cool a star is, spectral class - a letter that tells the temperature of a star, type - tells what stage a star is in and color - tells the color of a star.

     There are 4 types of stars: white dwarf, main sequence, giants, and super giants. White Dwarf - has old, small, mostly hot, and dim stars; Main Sequence - has middle age, medium, hot and cold, bright and dim stars; Giants - has middle age, large, bright, hot and cold stars; and Super Giants - has middle age large, bright, hot and cold stars.

   H-R Diagram
     H-R Diagram, which stands for Hertzsprung-Russel Diagram, is a graphical tool used by astronomers to classify stars based on their luminosity, spectral type, color,temperature, and evolutionary stage. This diagram also shows relationships and differences between stars.
  In this diagram stars are represented by a dot. The position of each dot tells us two things about each star: its luminosity and its temperature. A star in the upper left of the diagram would be hot and bright. A star in the lower right of the diagram would be cool and dim.

    Nuclear Fusion

     Nuclear Fusion is a process when nuclear reactions inside a star change 2 hydrogen gas molecules in to a helium molecule. Nuclear reactions help star to born, because when the giant clouds of dust and gas - stellar nebula shrinks because of gravity, it becomes hotter and nuclear reactions start in the middle. Nuclear fusion creates an energy for a star.

   The Life Cycle of a Star

   All the stars are born in a giant clouds of dust and gas called Stellar Nebula. There are 3 types of stars: Sun-like stars, Huge stars, and Giant stars. Each of them have different cycle of life. 

   Sun-like stars start with stellar nebula, then it become red giant. After being a red giants, it become cloud of dust and gas called Planetary Nebula. After that, it become a white dwarf, then invisible object called black dwarf.

   Huge stars starts with stellar nebula, then become a red giant. After that it explodes into supernova, and begin collapsing into neutron star.

   Giant stars also start with stellar nebula, then become red giant. After that, it explodes in to supernova, and become a black dwarf.